Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) play a crucial role in predicting environmental futures by providing insights into natural processes and the environment’s response to changes. These systems are passed down through generations and are based on the experiences and observations of local communities. They offer a unique perspective on environmental changes, as they are deeply rooted in the cultural, historical, and spiritual ties of the custodians with their environment.

CEA use IKS to predict environmental futures by analyzing past events and experiences, which can guide future actions and decisions. For instance, CEA encourage the communities in drought prone areas like Shurugwi, Gutu,  Chivi, Mwenezi, Mberengwa, Zvishavane, Bikita and Beightbridge to use indigenous knowledge systems  to predict drought conditions and adapt to them by conserving water resources and implementing sustainable farming practices. At CEA, IKS are used to predict drought conditions and improve the effectiveness of Anticipatory Action (AA) as a disaster risk reduction strategy. These systems are not only useful for predicting environmental futures but also for developing sustainable livelihoods and protecting ecosystems for future generations. By integrating IKS into environmental governance, Zimbabwe can meet their Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and commitments in the Paris Agreement.

There are various forms of IKS practiced that assist in the conservation of the environment. These are taboos, totems and sacred places. The use of taboos, totems and sacred forest, wetlands, pools and mountains to protect and preserve the environment. Taboos are used to protect and maintain the value human life especially the endangered and powerless creatures like python and pangolin. Water sources have been kept clean and protected  by adhering to taboos relating to water. Taboos have been used to preserve fruit trees eg mutohwe and muzhanje cannot be used for firewood. Animals are protected from extinction through the use of totems. CEA encourage traditional leaders to practice Rain making ceremonies (Mukwerera) and Tree planting ceremonies (mafukidza nyika)

IKS in Agriculture

Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) play a crucial role in agriculture by providing a deep understanding of local ecosystems, biodiversity, and traditional practices. These systems are integral to sustainable food security, promoting resilience to climate change, and improving agricultural productivity. IKS encompasses various practices such as agroforestry, crop rotation, and water management techniques, which have been shown to enhance soil fertility and water use efficiency. The integration of IKS into agricultural practices offers numerous benefits for sustainable development, including increased resilience to climate-related stresses and improved biodiversity.